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Meeting the Challenge: Progress report on SDA commitments under voluntary HPV chemical programs (June 2008)

SDA is a the leading manager of chemical consortia fulfilling commitments to the voluntary global International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) high production volume (HPV) chemical programs. This report summarizes progress for ten SDA-managed HPV chemical consortia."

Aliphatic Alcohols: SIDS Initial Assessment Report (SIAR) for Long Chain Alcohols, Part 2

This SIAR for Long Chain Alcohols was presented at SIAM 22 in Paris, France in April 2006 under the ICCA High Production Volume Chemical Initiative. This category covers a family of 30 primary aliphatic alcohols within a carbon chain length range of C6-C22. Commercial products generally include several aliphatic alcohol components, with a range of carbon chain lengths present. The family consists of alcohols with varying compositions and structures. Composition depends on the route to manufacture and the related feedstocks. Most of the alcohols have linear carbon chains but certain manufacturing processes create branched structures. Data are also available for eleven other similar substances, which support the category. Non-sponsored alcohols may not be HPV or may not be produced by members of the consortium, but have structures similar to sponsored linear alcohols.

Hydrotropes: SIDS Initial Assessment Report and Robust Study Summaries for Hydrotropes

The SIDS Initial Assessment Report (SIAR) and Robust Study Summaries for ten chemicals in the hydrotropes category presented at SIAM 25, October 18-20, 2005 in Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

Hydrotropes are supported as a category because of the close consistency of the compounds, their commercial uses, fate, and health and environmental effects. The hydrotropes are used as coupling agents to solubilize the water insoluble and often incompatible functional ingredients of household and institutional cleaning products and personal care products. These hydrotropes are not surfactants but are used to solubilize complex formulas in water. They function to stabilize solutions, modify viscosity and cloud-point, limit low temperature phase separation and reduce foam formation. Manufactured products are used as aqueous solutions (30-60% active substance) or as granular solids containing 90-95% active substance.

Amine Oxides: SIDS Initial Assessment Profile (SIAP) for the Amine Oxides Category

The SIDS Initial Assessment Profile (SIAP) for 15 chemicals in the Amine Oxides category presented at SIAM 22, April 18-20, 2006 in Paris, France.

The justification for grouping the amine oxides (AO) into a category is based on their structural and functional similarity. All of the substances in this category are surfactants, consisting of a polar “head” (the amine oxide) and a relatively inert, hydrophobic “tail” (the long alkyl substituent). The structural variations in the category are threefold: 1) the nature of the second and third substituents on the amine are either methyl groups or hydroxyethyl groups; 2) the long alkyl chain ranges in length from 8 to 20 carbons; and 3) the long alkyl chain may contain one or two double bonds (i.e. unsaturation) as in C18:1 (oleyl) or C18:2 (linoleyl). Alkyl chain lengths range from 8 to 20 with 12 and 14 being predominant. Average chain lengths for the mixtures are 12.9 to 13.5, with the exception of one tallow-derived compound. The presence of methyl- vs. hydroxyethyl-substituents affects the basicity of the nitrogen only marginally, and the hydroxyethyl group lends more bulk to the hydrophilic head-group of the surfactant. The length of the longest alkyl substituent does not alter the chemical reactivity of the molecule, but does affect its physical properties. The influence of unsaturation in the alkyl chain (as in CAS Nos. 93962-62-0 Ethanol, 2,2’-[(9Z)-9-octadecenyloxidoimino]bis- and 61791-46-6 Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N-oxides) is expected to make the molecule prone to reactions as typical for unsaturated fatty alkyl chains. Nevertheless, their overall chemical behavior fits within that of the group of C8-18 alkyl dihydroxy ethyl amine oxides.

LAS/ABS: Initial test plan under U.S. HPV chemical challenge program for LAS Category

High Production Volume (HPV) Chemical Challenge Program Hazard Data Availability and Assessment Report for Linear and Branched Alkylbenzene Sulfonic Acids (LAS/ABS) and Derivatives (December 2002).

This hazard data availability and assessment is for a group of linear and branched alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS/ABS) classified as high production volume (HPV) chemicals according to criteria established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA) HPV Chemical Challenge Program, i.e., >1,000,000 pounds manufactured in or imported into the U.S. annually. Six chemicals, each described by a Chemical Abstract Service Registration Number (CAS RN), are indicated in Table 1-1 as chemicals A to F and are produced/imported into the U.S. at about 35,000,000 pounds (U.S. EPA 1990 Inventory Update Rule) on an annual basis. LAS/ABS chemicals are anionic surfactants used to lower the surface tension of water. These chemicals are used in cleaning products for home, institutional and industrial use, e.g. car wash liquids, laundry detergents, liquid dish detergents, hard surface cleaners, dry cleaning products, waterless hand cleaners, and industrial cleaners. They are also used in emulsion polymerisation (e.g., some agriculture products), as dye dispersants in the textile industry, in paint trippers, in some specialized personal care products, and for `bubble making` solutions in children`s products. Commercial products usually contain 60-90% AS/ABS and consumer products 5-30% LAS/ABS.